No, it's not as simple as that. Only some are recognized. For example, the Tongva (on whose original land I live) have never been recognized by the US government as a "tribe," "band" or "nation" and therefore have no power to "claim" anybody as "one of their own." Yet I will respect those I know who identify themselves to me as such, and support their efforts to reclaim their heritage.

http://gabrielinosprings.com/wpsite/